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2024
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5G is coming, the amount and unit price of communication PCB is expected to increase significantly!
Communication is the most important downstream application field of PCB. According to Prismark data, communication accounted for 27.30 percent of the total output value of PCB in 2017, making it the largest downstream application field of PCB.
Communication is the most important downstream application field of PCB. According to Prismark data, communication accounted for 27.30 percent of the total output value of PCB in 2017, making it the largest downstream application field of PCB. PCB is widely used in wireless network, transmission network, data communication and fixed network broadband, and is usually a high value-added product such as backplane, high-frequency high-speed board, multilayer board, etc. 5G is the next generation of mobile communication networks, when there will be a large number of infrastructure construction needs, is expected to significantly boost the demand for communication boards.
All aspects of the communication field need to use PCB
The number of 5G base stations is expected to increase significantly. The peak rate of 4G is 100Mbps to 1Gbps, while 5G will provide bandwidth above 10Gbps, 1ms delay and ultra-high density connection, with mobility of 500 km/h and traffic density of 10Mbps/m2. At present, China's three major operators have entered the stage of 5G construction speed-up. Pilots have been launched on 5G scale testing and application testing. Local governments have set a 5G coverage schedule and accelerated infrastructure construction to achieve the goal of large-scale commercial use in 2020.
Because 5G requires massive connections, the number of base stations in the 5G era will increase significantly compared to the 4G era. By the end of 2017, the number of 4G macro base stations in China will reach about 3.6 million, while the 5G macro base station planning of the three major operators is 1.5 times that of 4G, with a total number of about 5.4 million. 2019-2023 will be the peak period for 5G base station construction.
5G will also drive the construction of tens of millions of micro-base stations. Since the frequency spectrum used by 5G communication is relatively high, a large degree of attenuation will be generated in the propagation process. Therefore, a micro base station needs to be used as a supplement to a macro base station to achieve ultra-dense networking. According to Sadie Consulting's forecast, the number of 5G micro-base stations is expected to be 4 to 5 times that of macro base stations, corresponding to about 25 million micro-base stations.
5G will bring major changes to the base station structure, and the usage and unit price of communication PCB are expected to increase significantly. In the 4G era, a standard macro base station is mainly composed of three parts: baseband processing unit BBU(Base Band Unit), radio frequency processing unit RRU(Remote Radio Unit) and antenna. Since the 10Gbps transmission capacity of the traditional CPRI (the public radio interface connecting the RRU and the BBU) is not enough to be used in the 5G era, in order to reduce the transmission bandwidth, the 5G base station structure needs to be reconstructed.
In 5G base stations, due to the need to use Massive MIMO antennas, some BBU functions are combined with RRU and antennas to form a new active antenna unit AAU(ActiveAntenna Unit), while the remaining BBU is split into a CU-DU two-level architecture, of which DU(Distributed Unit) is a distribution unit, which is responsible for meeting real-time requirements and has some bottom-level baseband protocol processing functions; CU(Centralized Unit) is a central unit with non-real-time wireless high-level protocol processing functions.
4G Base Station Basic Architecture
5G Base Station Reconfiguration
The antenna elements of the 5G base station need to use PCB as a connection. Compared to PCBs in the 4G era, PCBs used in 5G will be upgraded in many ways, resulting in a significant increase in usage and value.
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